How can I tell if my child is depressed?

Depression is a relatively common disorder among young people, affecting between 1 and 3 percent of preteens and 5 to 8 percent of adolescents. Depression can present with a range of signs and symptoms, including:

• frequent sadness that won't go away; crying
• feeling hopeless, helpless, withdrawn
• change in behavior, loss of interest in usual activities
• change in sleep, appetite or energy
• missed school or poor school performance
• frequent physical complaints
• irritability, fighting, trouble concentrating
• thoughts about death, suicide or running away

Moodiness or occasional sad feelings are a normal part of growing up. However, depression is a serious condition that requires professional attention. If your child has signs and symptoms that are new, last for at least a few weeks and, most importantly, interfere with his ability to function at home, in school or with friends, it's important to get it checked out. Talk to your child's pediatrician, family physician or school counselor and ask for a referral to a trained and qualified mental health professional.

The good news is that we can help most children and adolescents who suffer from depression. However, treatment is most effective when it begins early and when it's individualized to the needs of the child and family.

For more information about the diagnosis and treatment of childhood and adolescent depression, see Facts for Families, a resource from the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.